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The dog daycare licence in England: every rule in one place

DDuncanPublished 21 September 2026Every figure checked against its source on

Short answer

In England, a business that looks after other people's dogs during the day at a fixed premises needs a dog day care licence from its local council under the Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) (England) Regulations 2018. Dog walkers and dog sitters who work in the owner's home are not covered, and looking after dogs in your own home needs a home boarding licence instead. The licence carries a star rating from 1 to 5, lasts one, two or three years, and comes with conditions on staff numbers, space, fencing, temperature, vaccinations and records.

Who needs the licence

This page covers England. The 2018 Regulations apply to England only. Wales still licenses boarding under the Animal Boarding Establishments Act 1963, and Scotland has its own scheme.

All dog day care activities need a licence if they're carried out as a commercial business.
Dog day care licensing: statutory guidance, introduction
The premises must be a fixed location.
Dog day care licensing: statutory guidance, condition 20.1
The licence is written for a building. A business that works from a van and a hired field has no premises for a council to inspect, so the day care licence as written does not reach it. Some councils license those businesses anyway and some of those businesses hold a licence, so this is a gap in the drafting, not a rule that they are exempt.
The guidance excludes “businesses that look after dogs in their owner’s homes, such as, dog sitters and dog walkers” and “a business that looks after dogs in a business owner’s own home”, which is licensed as home boarding instead.
Dog day care licensing: statutory guidance, introduction
So three things sit outside this licence: dog walking, dog sitting in the owner’s home, and looking after dogs in your own home during the day. The first two need no licence at all in England. The third needs a home boarding licence. See Do dog walkers need a licence in England?

The law and the guidance are two layers

Most arguments about dog daycare rules come from mixing up two documents. The Regulations are the law. The statutory guidance is what councils use to apply it, and it is where every specific number lives.

All reasonable precautions must be taken to prevent and control the spread among the animals and people of infectious diseases, pathogens and parasites.
Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) (England) Regulations 2018, Schedule 2, paragraph 9(4)
That is the binding rule on disease. It names no vaccine and no timescale. The two-week vaccination rule, the leptospirosis requirement and every other specific come from the guidance, which fills the paragraph in.
“Regard must be had to the Statutory Guidance unless there is good reason not to do so.” … “The Statutory Guidance is formulated on the basis of expert advice and must be given due weight.”
Cottrell v Wokingham Borough Council [2026] UKFTT 458 (GRC), paragraphs 44 and 46
This is the case that settled the status of the guidance. A kennel boarding licence was refused renewal in June 2025 because the holder would not require leptospirosis vaccination. She argued that the Regulations bind but the guidance does not. The tribunal dismissed the appeal on 25 March 2026. The practical answer: a council can depart from the guidance, but only with a good reason, and disagreeing with a vaccine is not one.
The guidance mirrors the Schedule, so guidance section 9.4 and Regulation Schedule 2 paragraph 9(4) are numbered almost identically. They are not the same document. If someone quotes “9.4” at you, ask which one.

The numbers on the licence

These are the figures from the dog day care guidance, updated 1 June 2026. The required standard is the minimum to hold a licence. The higher standard counts towards a better star rating. Section numbers are the guidance’s own.

Dog day care conditions with a number in them
ConditionRequired standardHigher standardSection
Staff to dogsEach member of staff should have 10 dogs or less to care forAt least one full-time member of staff per 8 dogs4.1 and 4.0
Space per dog6 square metres available to each dog within the premises, inside and outside space combinedLayout gives dogs a choice of areas4.1
Sleeping area temperatureAbove an absolute minimum of 10°C and below a maximum of 26°C5.2
FencingSquare mesh no larger than 50mm by 50mm; chain link no larger than 75mm by 50mm; wire at least 2mm in diameter; dig proof; at least 2 secure physical barriers between a dog and any exit5.1
Dogs on a walkA dog walker may walk no more than 6 dogs at the same time; the owner must consent and the dogs must be familiarised first7.2
VaccinationsPrimary vaccination courses completed at least 2 weeks before acceptance; a recent protective titre test certificate may be accepted instead of a booster9.4
Records per dogThe dog's normal vet and details of any insurance relating to the dog, among other records25.1
Level 3 qualificationA permanent, full-time member of staff with an appropriate Ofqual-regulated Level 3 qualificationHigher standard

The fencing condition does not set a fence height. It says “sufficient height”. The numbers are mesh size and wire gauge. And the two barriers are two doors or gates between a dog and the way out, not two fence lines.

The puppy timeline follows from 9.4: first jab at about 8 weeks, second at 10 to 12 weeks to complete the primary course, then a further 2 weeks before the first day. Most puppies can start at 12 to 14 weeks. A titre test does not cover leptospirosis or kennel cough, so it replaces a booster, not the course.

Stars, licence length and inspections

The inspector scores the business against the required and higher standards and gives it a star rating. To reach the higher standards a business must meet all of the required higher standards and at least half of the optional ones. The rating sets how long the licence lasts and how often the council comes back.

Licence length by rating
RatingLicence lengthUnannounced visits
1 star1 yearAt least 1 within 12 months
2 stars (high risk)1 yearAt least 1 within 12 months
3 stars (low risk)2 yearsAt least 1 within 24 months
4 stars (high risk)2 yearsAt least 1 within 24 months
5 stars (low risk)3 yearsAt least 1 within 36 months

New applicants are automatically rated high risk, so a first licence is one or two years whatever the standards met. A five-star business renews, and pays, a third as often as a one-star one.

The star rating must be added to the licence and the licence should be displayed by the applicant's business.
Animal activity licensing process: statutory guidance

What the licence does not ask for

Two things people assume are conditions are not.

“A vet must be appointed for the initial inspection for the licensed application for the breeding of dogs.” For hiring out horses, “a listed vet must be appointed for the initial inspection, for a renewal inspection, and for the annual inspection.”
Animal activity licensing process: statutory guidance
There is no vet requirement for dog day care, kennel boarding or home boarding. The inspector needs a Level 3 certificate from an Ofqual-regulated body for that type of activity. Some councils choose to send a vet anyway and charge the applicant, which is why the same licence can cost £325 in one borough and over £1,000 in another. See what a dog daycare licence costs.
the name and contact details of the dog's normal vet and details of any insurance relating to the dog
Dog day care licensing: statutory guidance, condition 25.1(d)
That is the only mention of insurance in the day care guidance, and it is the dog’s insurance, recorded by you. No condition requires the business to hold public liability or any other cover. The hiring out horses guidance does require it, so it is a choice that was made for one activity and not this one. Councils commonly ask for a public liability certificate on their own application form; that is a local requirement, not a licence condition.

How to check a licence

Local authorities should maintain a list of licensed businesses and their associated ratings on their websites.
Animal activity licensing process: statutory guidance
Should, not must, and there is no national register. Many councils publish a list; some publish a PDF that is months old; some publish nothing. The reliable check is to ask to see the licence, which should be displayed at the business with its star rating, and then ring the council named on it.

Running without one

Anyone who carries out or carries on with any of the licensable activities without a licence is committing an offence.
Animal activity licensing process: statutory guidance, citing section 13 of the Animal Welfare Act 2006
Day care for dogs is a licensable activity under regulation 3 and Schedule 1 of the 2018 Regulations, which makes it a specified activity for section 13. The penalty is set by section 32 of the Act. How often that is actually enforced is a different question, answered with numbers in how often unlicensed dog boarding gets prosecuted.

For the full text, the Regulations are on legislation.gov.uk and the guidance on gov.uk.

Questions people ask

Do I need a licence to run a dog daycare in England?
Yes, if it is a commercial business looking after other people's dogs during the day at a fixed premises. The licence comes from your local council under the Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) (England) Regulations 2018. Running it without one is an offence under section 13 of the Animal Welfare Act 2006.
How many dogs can one member of staff look after in a dog daycare?
The statutory guidance's required standard is that each member of staff should have 10 dogs or less to care for. The higher standard, which counts towards a better star rating, is at least one full-time member of staff per 8 dogs.
How much space does each dog need in a dog daycare?
Each dog must have 6 square metres of space available to them within the premises. Inside and outside space both count towards the figure.
How long does a dog daycare licence last?
One year for a 1 or 2 star rating, two years for 3 or 4 stars, and three years for 5 stars. New applicants are automatically rated high risk, so a first licence is one or two years. Every licence gets at least one unannounced visit.
Does a dog daycare need a vet inspection to get a licence?
No. The process guidance requires a vet for the first inspection of a dog breeder and for hiring out horses. For dog day care, the inspector needs a Level 3 certificate from an Ofqual-regulated body. Some councils still choose to send a vet and charge the applicant for it.
Does a dog daycare licence require public liability insurance?
The dog day care conditions do not require the business to hold insurance. The only mention of insurance is the record you must keep of each dog's own insurance. Councils often ask for a public liability certificate on their own application form, which is a local requirement rather than a licence condition.

Sources

Everything above comes from one of these. Each was read on 21 September 2026. If a figure has moved since, email info@generasoftware.com and the page is corrected, not appended.

  1. Dog day care licensing: statutory guidance for local authorities (Defra, updated 1 June 2026)Scope and exclusions, conditions 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 7.2, 9.4, 20.1 and 25.1.
  2. Animal activity licensing process: statutory guidance for local authorities (Defra, updated 1 June 2026)Star ratings, licence lengths, unannounced visits, inspector qualifications, vet appointments, fees, the public list and licence display.
  3. The Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) (England) Regulations 2018, SI 2018/486Regulation 3 and Schedule 1 (the licensable activities); Schedule 2 paragraph 9(4) (infectious disease).
  4. Animal Welfare Act 2006, section 13Carrying on a licensable activity without a licence is an offence.
  5. Cottrell v Wokingham Borough Council [2026] UKFTT 458 (GRC), 25 March 2026Paragraphs 44 and 46 on the weight a council must give the statutory guidance.
D

Duncan

Founder of Genera and owner of Duncan's Dog Co

Duncan has run Duncan's Dog Co, a licensed dog daycare in Surrey, since 2011. Genera is the software he built to run it, shaped by what actually works day to day, not theory.

Where Genera comes in

Genera is the booking and invoicing software Duncan built to run his own licensed daycare. It holds you to the daily numbers on your licence, keeps every dog's vaccination dates where an inspector can see them, and invoices the month from the bookings you actually took.